3/30/2023 0 Comments Prey shuttle scuttle![]() They have a characteristic reduced wing venation. The wings are clear or tinged only rarely with markings. The legs have stout femora and the hind femora are often laterally compressed. The metapleuron may be entire or divided by a suture into two halves, and either with a few long bristles glabrous, or pubescent. An important taxonomic character is the precise location of the anterior spiracles on the pleura of the thorax. The convex mesonotum is usually covered with hairs and rows of bristles. The ocellar callus bears a pair of ocellar bristles and in some genera between the antennae and the preocellar bristles two additional, intermediate bristles occur. Immediately before the ocellar callus are two preocellar bristles. Three bristles are spaced along the margin of eyes-anterolateral midlateral and posterolateral. Above these are antenna1 bristles closer to (but still some distance from) the margin of eyes. Two pairs of supra-antenna1 bristles, sometimes one, are completely reduced. The groups of bristles are developed on the head. Maxillary palpi vary in shape and are sometimes large (species of genus Triphleba). The proboscis may be elongated, highly sclerotized, and bent at an angle. The proboscis is usually short and sometimes with enlarged labella. Sexual dimorphism is often shown in the shape and size of third segment of antennae, and in males, the antennae are usually longer. The third antennal segment in some species is unique in shape. The third segment of the antenna is large and rounded or elongated, and bears a long apical or dorsal arista directed sideways. The eyes are dichoptic in both males and females (eyes of males close-set, of females wide-set). In some species, the ocellar callus is swollen and highly raised above the surface of the vertex. The head is usually rounded and in some species narrowed towards the vertex. ![]() Their colours range from usually black or brown to more rarely yellow, orange, pale grey, and pale white. When viewed from the side, a pronounced hump to the thorax is seen. Phorid flies are minute or small – 0.5–6 mm ( 1⁄ 64– 1⁄ 4 in) in length.
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